Johann Ladislaus Dussek
(1760 - 1812)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
Johann Nepomuk Hummel
(1778 - 1837)
Fernando Sor
(1778 - 1839)
Anthony Philip Heinrich (1781 - 1861)
John Field
(1782 - 1837)
Niccolò Paganini
(1782 - 1840)
Daniel Auber
(1782 - 1871)
Louis Spohr
(1784 - 1859)
Carl Maria von Weber (1786 - 1826)
Carl Czerny
(1791 - 1857)
Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791 - 1864)
Gioacchino Rossini (1792 - 1868)
Franz Berwald
(1796 - 1868)
Carl Loewe
(1796 - 1869)
Franz Schubert
(1797-1828)
Gaetano Donizetti
(1797 - 1848)
Vincenzo Bellini
(1801 - 1835)
Adolphe-Charles Adam (1803 - 1856)
Mikhail Glinka
(1803 - 1857)
Hector Berlioz
(1803 - 1869)
Johann Strauss
(1804-1849)
Fanny Mendelssohn (1805 - 1847)
Juan Crisostomo de Arriaga
(1806 - 1826)
Michael William Balfe (1808 - 1870)
Felix Mendelssohn (1809 - 1847)
Frédéric Chopin
(1810 - 1849)
Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
Franz Liszt
(1811 - 1886)
Richard Wagner
(1813 - 1883)
Charles-Valentin Alkan (1813 - 1888)
Giuseppe Verdi (1813 - 1901)
Niels Wilhelm Gade (1817 - 1890)
Charles Gounod
(1818 - 1893)
Jacques Offenbach (1819 - 1880)
Clara Schumann
(1819-1896)
César Franck
(1822 - 1890)
Édouard Lalo
(1823 - 1892)
Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)
Anton Bruckner
(1824 - 1896)
Johann Strauss
(1825-1899)
Josef Strauss
(1827 - 1870)
Louis Moreau Gottschalk
(1829 - 1869)
Anton Rubinstein
(1829 - 1894)
Karl Goldmark
(1830 - 1915)
Francis Edward Bache (1833 - 1858)
Alexander Borodin (1833 - 1887)
Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
Camille Saint-Saëns (1835-1921)
Henryk Wieniawski (1835 - 1880)
Léo Delibes
(1836 - 1891)
Georges Bizet
(1838 - 1875)
Max Bruch
(1838 - 1920)
Modest Mussorgsky (1839 - 1881)
Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)
Antonin Dvorák
(1841 - 1904)
Arthur S. Sullivan
(1842 - 1900)
Arrigo Boito
(1842-1918)
Edvard Grieg
(1843 - 1907)
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
(1844 - 1908)
Pablo Sarasate
(1844-1908)
Gabriel Fauré
(1845 - 1924)
Charles-Marie Widor (1845 - 1937)
Franz Xaver Scharwenka
(1850 - 1924)
Francisco Tarrega (1852-1909)
George Whitefield Chadwick
(1854 - 1931)
Ernest Chausson
(1855 - 1899)
Edward Elgar
(1857 - 1934)
Ruggiero Leoncavallo (1858 - 1919)
Giacomo Puccini
(1858 - 1924)
Eugène Ysaÿe
(1858 - 1931)
Hugo Wolf
(1860 - 1903)
Isaac Albéniz
(1860 - 1909)
Gustav Mahler
(1860 - 1911)
Gustave Charpentier (1860 - 1956)
Edward German
(1862 - 1936)
Horatio Parker
(1863 - 1919)
Paul Dukas
(1865 - 1935)
Alexander Glazunov (1865 - 1936)
Jean Sibelius
(1865 - 1957)
Ferruccio Busoni
(1866 - 1924)
Amy Beach
(1867 - 1944)
Alexander Scriabin (1872 - 1915)
Max Reger
(1873 - 1916)
Franz Schmidt
(1874-1939)
Reinhold Gliere
(1875 - 1956)
Ottorino Respighi
(1879 - 1936)
Joseph Canteloube (1879 - 1957)
Romantic Period: 1825 - 1900
Artists Of The Romantic Era
Prominent Composers
of the
Romantic Period
Franz
Schubert
Frédéric
Chopin
Peter
Ilich Tchaikovsky
Romantic instrumentation and scale
As in other periods, instrumental technique was developed in the
romantic era. This was a trend that was begun by Ludwig van
Beethoven's Third Symphony, the Eroica, and continued through the
period. Composers such as Hector Berlioz orchestrated their works in
a way hitherto unheard, given a new prominence to wind instruments.
Instruments previously rare, such as the piccolo and cor anglais,
came to be parts of the standard symphony orchestra, and the
orchestra as a whole grew. Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 is known
as the Symphony of a Thousand because of the large number of people
required to perform it.
In addition to using larger orchestral forces, works in the Romantic
era tended to become longer. A typical symphony by Haydn or Mozart
will last twenty to twenty-five minutes; Beethoven's Eroica, once
again, will last at least forty-five minutes, a significant
increase; some of Beethoven's later symphonies are even longer. The
trend towards long, large scale works which require substantial
orchestral forces probably again reached its peak in the later
symphonies of Mahler.
The instrumental virtuoso also became more prominent. The violinist
Niccolo Paganini was one of the musical stars of the early 19th
century, his fame usually put down as much to his charisma as his
technique. Franz Liszt was also a very popular virtuoso pianist.
Typically in the 19th century, virtuosi such as these were more
likely to attract an audience than was the presence on the program
of the music of some particular composer.
Romanticism in music, in the end, represented a trend that made
larger and larger demands on the orchestras playing it, on
individual performers, and on the listeners. These trends tended to
more sharply distinguish what we have come to call "classical music"
from "popular music."
