Johann Ladislaus Dussek
(1760 - 1812)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
Johann Nepomuk Hummel
(1778 - 1837)
Fernando Sor
(1778 - 1839)
Anthony Philip Heinrich (1781 - 1861)
John Field
(1782 - 1837)
Niccolò Paganini
(1782 - 1840)
Daniel Auber
(1782 - 1871)
Louis Spohr
(1784 - 1859)
Carl Maria von Weber (1786 - 1826)
Carl Czerny
(1791 - 1857)
Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791 - 1864)
Gioacchino Rossini (1792 - 1868)
Franz Berwald
(1796 - 1868)
Carl Loewe
(1796 - 1869)
Franz Schubert
(1797-1828)
Gaetano Donizetti
(1797 - 1848)
Vincenzo Bellini
(1801 - 1835)
Adolphe-Charles Adam (1803 - 1856)
Mikhail Glinka
(1803 - 1857)
Hector Berlioz
(1803 - 1869)
Johann Strauss
(1804-1849)
Fanny Mendelssohn (1805 - 1847)
Juan Crisostomo de Arriaga
(1806 - 1826)
Michael William Balfe (1808 - 1870)
Felix Mendelssohn (1809 - 1847)
Frédéric Chopin
(1810 - 1849)
Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
Franz Liszt
(1811 - 1886)
Richard Wagner
(1813 - 1883)
Charles-Valentin Alkan (1813 - 1888)
Giuseppe Verdi (1813 - 1901)
Niels Wilhelm Gade (1817 - 1890)
Charles Gounod
(1818 - 1893)
Jacques Offenbach (1819 - 1880)
Clara Schumann
(1819-1896)
César Franck
(1822 - 1890)
Édouard Lalo
(1823 - 1892)
Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)
Anton Bruckner
(1824 - 1896)
Johann Strauss
(1825-1899)
Josef Strauss
(1827 - 1870)
Louis Moreau Gottschalk
(1829 - 1869)
Anton Rubinstein
(1829 - 1894)
Karl Goldmark
(1830 - 1915)
Francis Edward Bache (1833 - 1858)
Alexander Borodin (1833 - 1887)
Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
Camille Saint-Saëns (1835-1921)
Henryk Wieniawski (1835 - 1880)
Léo Delibes
(1836 - 1891)
Georges Bizet
(1838 - 1875)
Max Bruch
(1838 - 1920)
Modest Mussorgsky (1839 - 1881)
Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)
Antonin Dvorák
(1841 - 1904)
Arthur S. Sullivan
(1842 - 1900)
Arrigo Boito
(1842-1918)
Edvard Grieg
(1843 - 1907)
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
(1844 - 1908)
Pablo Sarasate
(1844-1908)
Gabriel Fauré
(1845 - 1924)
Charles-Marie Widor (1845 - 1937)
Franz Xaver Scharwenka
(1850 - 1924)
Francisco Tarrega (1852-1909)
George Whitefield Chadwick
(1854 - 1931)
Ernest Chausson
(1855 - 1899)
Edward Elgar
(1857 - 1934)
Ruggiero Leoncavallo (1858 - 1919)
Giacomo Puccini
(1858 - 1924)
Eugène Ysaÿe
(1858 - 1931)
Hugo Wolf
(1860 - 1903)
Isaac Albéniz
(1860 - 1909)
Gustav Mahler
(1860 - 1911)
Gustave Charpentier (1860 - 1956)
Edward German
(1862 - 1936)
Horatio Parker
(1863 - 1919)
Paul Dukas
(1865 - 1935)
Alexander Glazunov (1865 - 1936)
Jean Sibelius
(1865 - 1957)
Ferruccio Busoni
(1866 - 1924)
Amy Beach
(1867 - 1944)
Alexander Scriabin (1872 - 1915)
Max Reger
(1873 - 1916)
Franz Schmidt
(1874-1939)
Reinhold Gliere
(1875 - 1956)
Ottorino Respighi
(1879 - 1936)
Joseph Canteloube (1879 - 1957)
Romantic Period: 1825 - 1900
Artists Of The Romantic Era
Prominent Composers
of the
Romantic Period
Franz
Schubert
Frédéric
Chopin
Peter
Ilich Tchaikovsky
Late Romantic Era (1850-1910)
As the 19th century moved into its second half, many of the social,
political and economic changes set in motion in the post-Napoleonic
period became entrenched. Telegraph and railway created a larger and
faster binding of the European world together. The nationalism that
was an important strain of the early 19th century Romanticism became
formalized by political and linguistic means. Literature for the
middle class audience became the fixture of publishing, including
the rise of the novel as the primary literary form.
Many of the figures of the first half of the 19th century had
retired, died, or reached the end of their careers. Many others
struck out in new directions, taking advantage of the greater
regularity of concert life, and the greater financial and technical
resources that were available. In the previous 50 years numerous
innovations in instrumentation, including the double escarpment
piano action, the valved wind instrument, and the chin rest for
violins and violas, had gone from novelty to standard. The dramatic
increase in musical education meant a wider public for piano music
and sophisticated concert music. The establishment of conservatories
and universities created centers were musicians could make stable
careers teaching others to play, rather than being entrepreneurs on
their own resources. The sum of these changes can be seen in the
titanic wave of symphonies, concerti and "tone poems" which were
created, and the expansion of the opera seasons in Paris, London and
Italy.
The late Romantic period saw the rise of national "styles" which
were associated with the folk music and poetry of particular
countries, and with the important composers from that country. The
notion that there were "German" and "Italian" styles had long been
established in writing on music, but the late 19th century saw the
rise of a "Russian" style: Glinka, Mussorgski, Rimsky-Korsakov,
Tchaikovski and Borodin; and also Czech, Finnish and French "styles"
of composition. Many composers were expressly nationalistic in their
objectives, seeking to write opera or music associated with their
native lands language and culture.
