Out of all the former Beatles, Paul McCartney by far had the most successful
solo career, maintaining a constant presence in the British and American charts
during the '70s and '80s. In America alone, he had nine number one singles and
seven number one albums during the first 12 years of his solo career. Although
he sold records, McCartney never attained much critical respect, especially when
compared to his former partner John Lennon. Then again, he pursued a different
path than Lennon, deciding early on that he wanted to be in a rock band. Within
a year after the Beatles' breakup, McCartney had formed Wings with his wife
Linda, and the group remained active for the next ten years, racking up a string
of hit albums, singles, and tours in the meantime. By the late '70s, many
critics were taking potshots at McCartney's effortlessly melodic songcraft, but
that didn't stop the public from buying his records. His sales didn't slow
considerably until the late '80s, and he retaliated with his first full-scale
tour since the '70s, which was a considerable success. During the '90s,
McCartney recorded less frequently, concentrating on projects like his first
classical recording, a techno album, and the Beatles' Anthology.
Like Lennon and George Harrison, Paul McCartney began exploring creative avenues
outside the Beatles during the late '60s, but where his bandmates released their
own experimental records, McCartney confined himself to writing and production
for other artists, with the exception of his 1966 soundtrack to The Family Way.
Following his marriage to Linda Eastman on March 12, 1969, McCartney began
working at his home studio on his first solo album. He released the record,
McCartney, in April 1970, two weeks before the Beatles' Let It Be was scheduled
to hit the stores. Prior to the album's release, he announced that the Beatles
were breaking up, which was against the wishes of the other members. As a
result, the tensions between him and the other three members, particularly
Harrison and Lennon, increased and he earned the ill will of many critics.
Nevertheless, McCartney became a hit, spending three weeks at the top of the
American charts. Early in 1971, he returned with "Another Day," which became his
first hit single as a solo artist. It was followed several months later by Ram,
another home-made collection, this time featuring the contributions of his wife
Linda.
By the end of 1971, the McCartneys had formed Wings, which was intended to be a
full-fledged recording and touring band. Former Moody Blues guitarist Denny
Laine and drummer Denny Seiwell became the group's other members, and Wings
released their first album, Wild Life, in December 1971. Wild Life was greeted
with poor reviews and was a relative flop. McCartney and Wings, which now
featured former Grease Band guitarist Henry McCullough, spent 1972 as a working
band, releasing three singles -- the protest "Give Ireland Back to the Irish,"
the reggae-fied "Mary Had a Little Lamb" and the rocking "Hi Hi Hi" -- in
England. Red Rose Speedway followed in the spring of 1973, and while it received
weak reviews, it became his second American number one album. Later in 1973,
Wings embarked on their first British tour, at the conclusion of which
McCullough and Seiwell left the band. Prior to their departure, the McCartney's
theme to the James Bond movie Live and Let Die became a Top Ten hit in the U.S.
and U.K.. That summer, the remaining Wings proceeded to record a new album in
Nigeria. Released late in 1973, Band on the Run, was simultaneously McCartney's
best-reviewed album and his most successful, spending four weeks at the top of
the U.S. charts and eventually going triple platinum.
Following the success of Band on the Run, McCartney formed a new version of
Wings with guitarist Jimmy McCulloch and drummer Geoff Britton. The new lineup
was showcased on the 1974 British single "Junior's Farm" and the 1975 hit album
Venus and Mars. At the Speed of Sound followed in 1976, and it was the first
Wings record to feature songwriting contributions by the other bandmembers.
Nevertheless, the album became a monster success on the basis of two McCartney
songs, "Silly Love Songs" and "Let 'Em In." Wings supported the album with their
first international tour which broke many attendance records and was captured on
the live triple-album Wings Over America (1976). After the tour was completed,
Wings rested a bit during 1977, as McCartney released an instrumental version of
Ram under the name Thrillington and produced Denny Laine's solo album, Holly
Days. Later that year, Wings released "Mull of Kintyre," which became the
biggest-selling British single of all time, selling over two million copies.
Wings followed "Mull of Kintyre" with London Town in 1978, which became another
platinum record. After its release, McCulloch left the band to join the
re-formed Small Faces and Wings released Back to the Egg in 1979. Though the
record went platinum, it failed to produce any big hits. Early in 1980,
McCartney was arrested for marijuana possession at the beginning of a Japanese
tour; he was imprisoned for ten days and then released, without any charges
being pressed.
Wings embarked on a British tour in the spring of 1980 before McCartney recorded
McCartney II, which was a one-man band effort like his solo debut. The following
year, Denny Laine left Wings because McCartney didn't want to tour in the wake
of John Lennon's assassination; in doing so, he effectively broke up Wings.
McCartney entered the studio later that year with Beatles producer George Martin
to make Tug of War. Released in the spring of 1982, Tug of War received the best
reviews of any McCartney record since Band on the Run and spawned the number one
single "Ebony and Ivory," a duet with Stevie Wonder that became McCartney's
biggest American hit. In 1983, McCartney sang on "The Girl Is Mine," the first
single from Michael Jackson's blockbuster album Thriller. In return, Jackson
dueted with McCartney on "Say Say Say," the first single from Paul's 1983 album
Pipes of Peace and the last number one single of his career. The relationship
between Jackson and McCartney soured considerably when Jackson bought the
publishing rights to the Beatles songs from underneath McCartney in 1985.
McCartney directed his first feature film in 1984 with Give My Regards to Broad
Street. While the soundtrack, which featured new songs and re-recorded Beatles
tunes, was a hit, generating the hit single "No More Lonely Nights," the film
was a flop, earning terrible reviews. The following year he had his last
American Top Ten with the theme to the Chevy Chase/Dan Aykroyd comedy Spies Like
Us. Press to Play (1986) received some strong reviews but the album was a flop.
In 1988, he recorded a collection of rock & roll oldies called Choba B CCCP for
release in the USSR; it was given official release in the US and UK in 1991. For
1989's Flowers in the Dirt, McCartney co-wrote several songs with Elvis
Costello; the pair also wrote songs for Costello's Spike, including the hit
"Veronica." Flowers in the Dirt received the strongest reviews of any McCartney
release since Tug of War and was supported by an extensive international tour,
which was captured on the live double-album Tripping the Live Fantastic (1990).
For the tour, McCartney hired guitarist Robbie McIntosh and bassist Hamish
Stuart, who would form the core of his band through the remainder of the '90s.
Early in 1991, McCartney released another live album in the form of Unplugged,
which was taken from his appearance on MTV's acoustic concert program of the
same name; it was the first Unplugged album to be released. Later that year, he
unveiled Liverpool Oratorio, his first classical work. Another pop album, Off
the Ground, followed in 1993, but the album failed to generate any big hits,
despite McCartney's successful supporting tour. Following the completion of the
"New World" tour, he released another live album, Paul Is Live, in December of
1993. In 1994, he released an ambient techno album under the pseudonym the
Fireman. McCartney premiered his second classical piece, "The Leaf," early in
1995, and then began hosting a Westwood One radio series called Oobu Joobu. But
his primary activity in 1995, as well as 1996, was the Beatles' Anthology, which
encompassed a lengthy video documentary of the band and the multi-volume release
of Beatles outtakes and rarities. After Anthology was completed, he released
Flaming Pie in the summer of 1997. A low-key, largely acoustic affair that had
the some of the same charm of his debut, Flaming Pie was given the strongest
reviews McCartney had received in years and was a modest commercial success,
debuting at number two on the U.S. and U.K. charts; it was his highest American
chart placing since he left the Beatles. Flaming Pie certainly benefited from
the success of Anthology, as did McCartney himself -- only a few months before
the release of the album in 1997, he received a Knightship.
On April 17, 1998, Linda McCartney died after a three-year struggle with breast
cancer. A grieving Paul kept a low profile in the months to follow, finally
returning in the fall of 1999 with Run Devil Run, a collection comprised
primarily of cover songs. Liverpool Sound Collage followed a year later. ~
Stephen Thomas Erlewine, All Music Guide
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Paul McCartney Digital and Traditional Print Sheet Music
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